Marine Debris
2024 | ASEAN
WE, the Member States of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN), namely Brunei
Darussalam, the Kingdom of Cambodia, the Republic of Indonesia, the Lao People’s Democratic Republic (Lao PDR), Malaysia, the Republic of the Union of Myanmar, the Republic of the Philippines, the Republic of Singapore, the Kingdom of Thailand, and the Socialist Republic of Viet Nam (hereinafter referred to as “ASEAN Member States”) gathered at the 44th and 45th ASEAN Summits in Vientiane on 9 October 2024;
2021 | Fauna and Flora International
Marine litter is a complex and multifaceted threat necessitating systemic reform and collaborative solutions. Innovation and coordinated action are essential, but interventions must be framed within the Cambodian context and empower local leadership and action. This study focuses on absence of adequate solid waste management (SWM) as a key driver of Cambodia's marine litter & plastic pollution. As such, the study assesses solid waste management (SWM) in the Koh Rong Municipality (KRA) with a focus on its relevance to marine litter and macro-plastic pollution in the Koh Rong Marine National Park (KRMNP). Findings from this assessment have been used to develop a series of policy and onsite recommendations to improve SWM and reduce marine plastic pollution in the KRMNP. This report and its recommendations also speak to broader action under The World Bank’s National Plastics Action Plan and Road Map.
2022 | Fauna and Flora International
The Koh Rong Archipelago (KRA) was officially designated as Cambodia’s first, large-scale marine fisheries management area (MFMA), alternatively known as national marine park (NMP) or marine protected area (MPA). Currently, similar effort led by the national government in partnership with Flora & Fauna International is underway to officialise Koh Sdach Archipelago (KSA) as another MFMA in the country. However, recently, marine plastic pollution has been identified as a pressing threat not only to the marine life of these archipelagos, but also to the local economies and the health and wellbeing of local inhabitants. Therefore, primary research was done in KRA and KSA to gain a comprehensive
understanding of the status and drivers of plastic pollution in these locations, and the main goal of this document is to explore specific, locally appropriate measures for tackling marine plastic pollution in the ocean or on the shoreline (due to lack of other disposal alternatives).
2024 | Elsevier
Cambodia is a rapidly developing country in Southeast Asia, a region forecast as an outsized source of plastic pollution into the world’s oceans. However, to date there has been no large-scale assessment of plastic pollution in the environment within the country. This study is a comprehensive assessment of plastic items and hotspots across 243 coastal, river and inland sites along the entire coastline of Cambodia, recording 46,927 items in transects throughout the study area. Plastic densities along coastlines were more than ten times those on riverbanks and more than twenty times that of inland areas. Averaging 70 plastic items per metre of coastline, Cambodia has among the highest average loads of whole plastic items recorded on coastlines globally. Single-use plastic bottles were the most abundant whole item recorded, overrepresented by drinking water bottles. Polystyrene foam was the most common fragmented item. We provide specific recommendations to reduce plastic in Cambodia’s environment.
2024 | Ministry of Environment (MOE) of Cambodia
Enhancing institutional capacity, public awareness and deepening knowledge about the benefits of natural resources, ecosystem services, and their potential impacts on every aspect of life - from the air we breathe and the water we drinhk to the food we consume and the landscapes we inhabit - are essential to ensuring sustainable management of our environment and natural resources. Through sharing awareness, knowledge, information and data on the state of the environment and natural resources, as well as innovative solutions, we empower citizens to work together to protect the planet for future generations and ensure its sustainable use.
Recognizing the critical importance of this endeavor, the Ministry of Environment has developed the Strategic and Action Plan for Environment and Natural Resource Education and Communication to serve as a comprehensive roadmap, aims to address potential environmental challenge domestically, regionally and globally, while implementing the third angle of the core strategy of the Environmental Circular Strategy 2023-2028 “Cleanliness, Greenness and Susainability” in response to the Pentagonal Strategy Phase I of the Royal Government.
2024 | Asian Institute of Technology, AIT, RRC.AP
Technical Guidelines for Plastic and Resin Pellet Leakage Prevention from Plastic Recycling Facilities, Manila City and Iloilo City - Philippines
2023 | Ministry of Environment and Forestry (MoEF)
The document provides a comprehensive overview of the current state of solid waste management in Indonesia, focusing on the critical issue of plastic waste. It begins with an analysis of national solid waste management data, highlighting the scale and impact of plastic waste in the country. The document delves into the challenges faced in managing plastic waste and examines the state of plastic recycling efforts. It outlines the targets, strategies, and goals set by the Indonesian government for effective solid waste management, emphasizing the role of producers in reducing waste. Additionally, the document explores the implementation of a circular economy and offers strategies to accelerate producer responsibility in waste reduction, aiming to foster a more sustainable and environmentally-friendly waste management system in Indonesia.
2023 | Ministry of Environment and Forestry (MoEF)
The document provides a thorough analysis of the efforts made towards fostering responsible and sustainable production and consumption in Indonesia's manufacturing, food and beverage services, and retail sectors. Aligning with the principles of a circular economy, the document highlights the significant efforts by producers to minimize waste and integrate sustainable practices. It details the progress and challenges faced in reducing plastic waste, improving recycling rates, and promoting the reuse of materials. By focusing on the implementation of the Waste Reduction Roadmap as outlined by MoEF P75 2019, the document underscores the commitment to transforming production and consumption patterns.
2019 | Ministry of Environment and Forestry (MoEF)
The Indonesian Minister of Environment and Forestry (MoEF)'s Regulation Number P.75 of 2019 concerning Waste Reduction Roadmap by Producers, establishes guidelines for reducing plastic waste by producers effort, particularly targeting packaging and single-use plastics. This regulation aims to promote environmental sustainability by encouraging the reduction (R1), recycling (R2), and reuse (R3) of plastic packaging. It mandates planning and measures for the take-back, management, and control of Solid Waste from product, product packaging, and containers. The ultimate goal of this regulation is to enforce the responsibility of producers or Extended Producers Responsibility (EPR) for reducing waste to the landfill, guide and facilitate the producers, including brand owners, manufacturers, importers, retailers, and the F&B industry.
2024 | Ministry of Environment and Forestry (MoEF)
To enhance producers' understanding of MoEF Reg No.P.75/2019 and develop a roadmap for waste reduction, the Directorate of Waste Reduction MoEF, in collaboration with GIZ 3RproMar Indonesia and Nara Synergy, established a Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs) and Implementation guidelines for MoEF Reg No.P.75/2019. These FAQs and Guidelines were compiled based on questions and feedback from producers and various other parties. Through these FAQs and the guide, producers are expected to understand, compile the roadmap for waste reduction by producers, and implement the roadmap so that the waste reduction targets can be achieved.
2023 | Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment (MONRE)
This report presents key results from the baseline survey of municipal solid waste (MSW) management system in Tran De Town, under the GIZ-3RproMar project, conducted in January/February 2023.
2023 | Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment (MONRE)
This report brings in a brief overview on the baseline of marine plastic management in Vietnam, and proposes some suggestions for improvement of the current effort on marine plastic management for a healthy and sustainable marine environment.
2023 | Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment (MONRE)
This technical guidelines aims to facilitate the identification of various types of domestic solid waste generated from households and individuals and segregate them into three main waste groups, as outlined in Clause 1, Article 75 of the Law on Environmental Protection. These groups include (1) Solid waste that can be reused and recycled; (2) Food waste; (3) Other domestic solid waste.
2023 | Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment (MONRE)
This report falls under the framework of the German – ASEAN Regional Project “Reduce, Reuse and Recycle to Protect the Marine Environment and Coral Reefs” (3RproMar), which aims to assist the ASEAN Member States (AMS) in enhancing their implementation capabilities to reduce land-based waste leakage and protect the marine environment.
2023 | Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment (MONRE)
Review of plastic waste consideration in current legal/policy documents of Vietnam, providing inputs/ suggestions for mainstreaming the project’s message/ results approaches/ successful measures into the revised or new laws/ regulations/ policies
2020 | Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment (MONRE)
Vietnam has made strong political commitments and has carried out practical activities to manage and reduce plastic waste, including ocean plastic waste. Resolution No. 36-NQ / TW of October 22, 2018 of the Eighth Conference of the Party Central Committee XII on the strategy for sustainable development of Vietnam’s marine economy to 2030, with a vision to 2045, set the goal of “Preventing, controlling, and significantly reducing pollution of the marine environment; becoming a regional leader in minimizing ocean plastic waste.”
2021 | Department (DGE) of Green Economy of Secretariat General for Sustainable Development (GSSD), National Council for Sustainable Development (NCSD)
This Circular Economy (CE) Strategy and Action Plan outlines the key vision, mission, strategies, and roadmap for Cambodia to transition towards a circular economy. The overarching goal is to enable the country to achieve a prosperous economy, a thriving and inclusive society, and a healthy environment. This will be achieved through more efficient and sustainable use of energy and material resources, while maximizing resource value and creating new economic opportunities for the country.
2024 | RRC.AP, AIT, ASIAN INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY
These guidelines aim to provide a framework for preventing recycling-related plastic and pellet losses, and environmental leakage. The guidelines are useful for a broad spectrum of stakeholders, particularly policymakers and key plastic recycling actors, including informal waste pickers, junkshops, consolidators, and plastic recycling craft villages. The application of these guidelines is expected to contribute to improving production efficiency in the plastic recycling chain while preventing plastic leakage into the environment.
2024 | Asian Institute of Technology, RRC.AP
The manual aim to support both formal and informal recycling enterprises in preventing plastic pollution by advocating best practices and promoting proper housekeeping within informal recycling facilities.
2024 | Asian Institute of Technology, RRC.AP
The main goal of this study is to evaluate plastic and pellet losses and leakage from the logistical handling and pre-processing operations of informal recycling groups in Thailand, focusing on recovered post-consumer plastic waste and factory processing operations. The focus areas of this study are the Nonthaburi Municipality and Pattaya City.
2024 | Asian Institute of Technology, RRC.AP
This study was conducted following on a simplified three-step approach: 1) collect and analyse data and information relevant to plastic leakage from informal sector recycling; 2) engage with key stakeholders; and 3) disseminate the outcomes of the study.
2024 | Asian Institute of Technology, RRC.AP
Situation Assessment Report on Plastic Leakage Prevention from Formal and Informal Recycling Facilities, Manila City and Iloilo City - Philippines
2024 | Asian Institute of Technology, RRC.AP
Situation Assessment Report on the Prevention of Plastic and Resin Pellet Leakage from Formal and Informal Recycing Factories, Hanoi - Vietnam
2024 | Asian Institute of Technology, RRC.AP
The guidelines aim to fill knowledge gaps and promote contextually appropriate best practices. They will also encourage industry actors to implement measures to prevent and contain plastic and pellet leakages. Based on the findings of a preliminary assessment of the post-consumer plastic recycling value chain, which analyzed primary sources of plastic loss and leakage, including technology applications, resource availability, access, and regulatory and policy gaps, these guidelines are designed.
2024 | Asian Institute of Technology, AIT, RRC.AP
The overall objective of the technical guideline is to prevent plastics and resin leakage into the marine environment through the promotion of best technologies and practices at resin-producing factories and informal recycling facilities in Pattaya city.
2017 | RRC.AP
This summary report examines the waste management landscape in 10 Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) Member States. This report begins with the statistics on the trends of population growth, urbanization, and economic growth in each of the ASEAN countries, which is then followed by an overview of the waste generation, collection, treatment & recovery, and disposal statistics, and associated environmental, technical, and governance (institutions, policy, regulations) factors in the waste sector. The report also identifies the existing waste management challenges and gaps therein, and sets out recommendations.
2017 | RRC.AP
The Asia Waste Management Outlook (AWMO) provides an overview of the challenges and opportunities in waste management in the context of Asia. The AWMO is not intended to be a directory of wasterelated data or statistics; rather, it is intended to provide a perspective with prescriptions for a variety of stakeholders to encourage early action. It is also intended to provide an overview of the current status, current cutting-edge thinking, and the future of solid waste management in Asia over the medium term.
2020 | RRC.AP
This report presents findings of capacity-mapping study on the monitoring and assessment of plastic pollution in the Lower Mekong Region. The study was conducted as part of the UN Environment Regional Office for Asia and the Pacific's project titled the *Promotion of ConterMEASUREs against Marine Plastic Litter in Southeast Asia and India" (hereafter, referred to as * ConterMEASURE project"). The CounterMEASURE project aims to develop a region-based approach for the monitoring and assessment of land-based plastic waste leakage and for pollution reduction into inland water ways, such as rivers, canals and drainage systems, and the eventual transport of plastic waste into the oceans.