Approximately 75 percent of Cambodia’s 17 million residents reside in rural areas, where residential waste collection services are largely absent. Nationally, four percent of waste is estimated to be recycled. As a result, rural households, businesses, and communities often defer to unsafe and unsustainable means for waste disposal, including burning, burying and open dumping. To collect waste, protect human health and keep trash out of the natural environment, it is critical that solid waste management (SWM) expands in rural areas to meet growing and urgent needs.
This white paper examines the current state of SWM in rural Cambodia, with a specific focus on three Cambodian provinces: Kampong Chhnang, Pursat, and Siem Reap. The research team conducted a market assessment through literature review, primary data collection with stakeholders, and an experimental demand generation test. Findings highlight each stage of the waste management process, from waste generation to collection, transportation, disposal, and processing/recycling from the perspectives of local community residents, the private sector, and representatives of the public sector.